Global Uniqueness and Money Non-neutrality in a Walrasian Dynamics without Rational Expectations
نویسندگان
چکیده
— We define a non-tâtonnement dynamics in continuous-time for pure-exchange economies with outside and inside fiat money. Traders are myopic, face a cash-in-advance constraint, and play dominant strategies in a short-run monetary strategic market game involving the limit-price mechanism. The profits of the Bank are redistributed to its private shareholders, but they can use them to pay their own debts only in the “next period”. Provided there is enough inside money, monetary trade curves converge towards Pareto optimal allocations; money has a positive value along each trade curve, except on the optimal rest-point where it becomes a veil while trades vanish. Moreover, generically, given initial conditions, there is a piecewise globally unique trade-and-price curve not only in real, but also in nominal variables. Finally, money is locally neutral in the short-run and non-neutral in the long-run. Résumé.— On définit une dynamique de non-tâtonnement en temps continu pour les économies de consommation, avec fiat monnaie interne et externe. Les agents sont myopes, font face à une contrainte de liquidité, et jouent une stratégie dominante dans un jeu de marchés stratégique monétaire construit autour du mécanisme de prix limites de Mertens (2003). Les revenus de la Banque Centrale sont redistribués à ses actionnaires, mais ne peuvent être utilisés qu’à la période “suivante”. S’il y a suffisamment de monnaie interne, les courbes d’échange monétaire convergent vers une allocation Pareto-optimale et la monnaie a une valeur positive le long de ces courbes d’échange, hormis à la limite, où elle devient inutile, tandis que les échanges cessent. De surcrôıt, génériquement, à dotations initiales fixées correspond une courbe d’échange et de prix unique par morceaux, non seulement en termes réels, mais encore en termes nominaux. Enfin, la monnaie est localement neutre ` court terme, mais n’est jamais neutre à long-terme. ∗CNRS umr 8095, CERMSEM, Université Paris-1, France. [email protected] †Säıd Business School University and St. Edmund Hall, University of Oxford and Financial Markets Group, UK. [email protected]
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